Ethnicity/race: native African 99% (includes 95% Bantu, consisting of well over 100 tribes), Asian, European, and Arab 1%

Religions: mainland: Christian 30%, Islam 35%, indigenous 35%; Zanzibar: more than 99% Islam

Literacy rate: 78% (2003 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2004 est.): $23.71 billion; per capita $700. Real growth rate: 5.8%. Inflation: 5.4%. Unemployment: n.a. Arable land: 5%. Agriculture: coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves, corn, wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats. Labor force: 19 million; agriculture 80%, industry and services 20% (2002 est.). Industries: agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine), diamond, gold and iron mining, soda ash, oil refining, shoes, cement, apparel, wood products, fertilizer, salt. Natural resources: hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel. Exports: $1.248 billion (f.o.b., 2004 est.): gold, coffee, cashew nuts, manufactures, cotton. Imports: $1.972 billion (f.o.b., 2004 est.): consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, industrial raw materials, crude oil. Major trading partners: India, Japan, Netherlands, UK, Germany, South Africa, China, Zambia, UAE, Kenya (2003).

Member of Commonwealth of Nations

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 127,000 (1998); mobile cellular: 30,000 (1999). Radio broadcast stations: AM 12, FM 11, shortwave 2 (1998). Radios: 8.8 million (1997). Television broadcast stations: 3 (1999). Televisions: 103,000 (1997). Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 6 (2000). Internet users: 300,000 (2002).

Transportation: Railways: total: 3,690 km (2002). Highways: total: 88,200 km; paved: 3,704 km; unpaved: 84,496 km (1999 est.). Waterways: Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, Lake Nyasa. Ports and harbors: Bukoba, Dar es Salaam, Kigoma, Kilwa Masoko, Lindi, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pangani, Tanga, Wete, Zanzibar. Airports: 123 (2002).

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